Top 10 nations without an army globally

Military forces are often seen as the backbone of national sovereignty and security, yet more than many nations have chosen to operate without a standing army.

Instead, these countries depend on historical treaties, foreign protection, and diplomatic strategies tailored to their unique histories and geography.

This approach allows them to channel funds normally spent on defense into social services, education, healthcare, and infrastructure, strengthening internal stability and lowering the risk of conflict.

However, the trade-off is dependence on external allies for defense, leaving them vulnerable if partnerships shift or allies face crises.

With the United States increasing its role in Ukraine by allowing private contractors to service military equipment, the importance of strong defense backing is more apparent than ever.

While many nations, like the U.S., invest heavily in military power, others have opted for peace-focused strategies and rely on international alliances to safeguard their borders.

Below are ten nations that maintain security without a formal military.

1. Costa Rica

Following its 1948 civil war, Costa Rica abolished its army, redirecting defense spending toward education and healthcare.

The nation now counts on the United States and other allies for military assistance when needed.

This move has cemented its reputation as a peaceful state prioritizing social progress and environmental protection.

2. Iceland

Since gaining independence in 1944, Iceland has relied on NATO for defense, supported by its civilian Icelandic Coast Guard, which handles maritime patrols and search-and-rescue operations.

By prioritizing social welfare, diplomacy, and environmental initiatives over a traditional military, Iceland has become one of the world’s most peaceful nations.

3. Liechtenstein

In 1868, Liechtenstein disbanded its military due to high costs, relying instead on Switzerland for defense.

The country maintains neutrality, a small police force for internal security, and strong international ties to protect its sovereignty.

4. Monaco

Under the 1918 Franco-Monégasque Treaty, France is responsible for Monaco’s defense.

With low crime rates and a thriving luxury economy, Monaco maintains only a small ceremonial police force, focusing its resources on tourism, finance, and stability.

5. Panama

Panama dissolved its military in 1990, replacing it with the Panama Public Forces, a combination of police, maritime, and air units focused on security and border control.

The country also benefits from the Torrijos-Carter Treaties with the United States for defense support.

6. Vatican City

Protected under the 1929 Lateran Treaty with Italy, Vatican City relies on the Swiss Guard, a historic ceremonial unit established in 1506, to protect the Pope and secure its premises.

7. Kiribati

This small Pacific island nation depends on defense partnerships with Australia and New Zealand.

Its focus on diplomacy has kept it secure despite lacking a military.

8. Samoa

Since signing a friendship treaty with New Zealand in 1962, Samoa has maintained sovereignty without an army, channeling resources toward domestic needs such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure.

9. Mauritius

After independence in 1968, Mauritius abolished its army, relying instead on the Special Mobile Force and the National Police for security.

Known for its democratic stability, the nation invests heavily in social development.

10. Palau

Independent since 1994, Palau operates under a Compact of Free Association with the United States, which guarantees American defense support.

This arrangement allows Palau to focus on domestic growth while enjoying security under U.S. protection.